You have not list what is the problem with your current web framework.
I think it's worth learning NodeJS if you're interested in it. I have heard of PHP backend and NodeJS (building react, redux etc) stacks. So I suggest do both.
nodejs is a huge step from php. You literally have to implement the actual web server and whatever template paradigm you choose, where as in php everything is already set up. If you are thinking about switching from php to c++ and already know javascript, then nodejs is a good alternative. But if you just want a better web framework stick to php.
Do NOT switch from php/laravel, but if you really want to, at least switch to something a little more worthwhile like Golang.