I feel that filtering has to be secondary to restricting your information intake.
I've realized that you can be informed on world matters with just 5 mins of news per day instead of a hour. My Twitter has little to no politics and mostly is about art, design and pop culture. I feel this minimizes the doom scrolling but I'll admit that you can't seem to completely escape the background negativity of Twitter.
I've been trying, to some degree of success, to use RSS to generate my own personal "newspaper". The platform I'm using, Feedly, has a bot that learns what I like or not and filters for me. I don't have enough experience with it to comment though, but I like the idea.
I wrote a telegram bot specifically to filter HN posts:
The only platform that i use and that requires a filter is reddit: Reddit: media domain filter for reddit(filters >90% of posts): https://github.com/FrozenVoid/Websites-DB/blob/main/Reddit/f... manual type filters(subreddit,author,title,etc): https://github.com/FrozenVoid/Userscripts/tree/main/Reddit