I always thought this was only to avoid public urination. I wonder if they added the anti-crime as PR excuse.
I would to read more about this “crime saturated” period in Venice’s history. I don’t even know when it is! Any pointers?
There are urine deflectors https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_deflector all over Europe. Norwich in particular has a lot of them.
> Having the function of anti-crime and urinal deterrent as well as an educational tool for citizens
The "education" being when someone pisses on it and finds out what happens?
Eh. Those look like anti-pee systems to me. I bet it was an official take "to reduce crime" - but those things are all slanted down, to push pee on your foot. And when I need to pee corners always catch my eye.
Huh, an early example of "hostile architecture," although one I could get behind more readily. (Or not, as the case may be...)