I built a little site to visualize a problem I keep running into using Docker at customer sites with bad internet. It's solvable without moving completely off Docker. Would love to chat if anyone else runs into this and wants a drop-in solution.
Docker is the worst virtualization container. It doesn't work from bare metal, doesn't work without internet, and obfuscates the underlying stack.
I would the extra work and build your stacks from scratch.
At an previous employer i was able to cut down on the needed space by standartising the layers and adding a timelimit in which the tags were available. The base images were build after we rolled out updates of packages and "encouraged" everyone to use those for their containers. These containers were also minified as much as needed(deduplicated files, removing useless stuff, ...), without sacrificing usability. I also used buildah to combine everything into an single layer to prevent removed files from wasting space. Sadly DNF blows up the images so it was hard to minify it much.